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Justicia adhatoda
''Justicia adhatoda'', commonly known in English as Malabar nut, adulsa, adhatoda, vasa, or vasaka,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work = Encyclopedia of Life )〕 is a medicinal plant native to Asia, widely used in Siddha Medicine, Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine.〔
The plant's range includes Sri Lanka, Nepal, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, and China, as well as Panama where it is thought to have been introduced.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work = Encyclopedia of Life )〕
==Botanical description==
''Justicia adhatoda'' is a shrub with lance-shaped leaves 10 to 15 centimeters in length by four wide. They are oppositely arranged, smooth-edged, and borne on short petioles.〔Kumar, M., Dandapat, S., Kumar, A. and Sinha, M.P., Determination of Nutritive value and mineral elements of five-leaf chaste tree (''Vitex negundo'' L.) and Malabar Nut (''Adhatoda vasica'' Nees), Academic Journal of Plant Sciences, 2013; 6(3): 103-108. http://www.idosi.org/ajps/6(3)13/1.pdf〕 When dry they are of a dull brownish-green colour. They are bitter-tasting. When a leaf is cleared with chloral hydrate and examined microscopically the oval stomata can be seen. They are surrounded by two crescent-shaped cells at right angles to the ostiole. The epidermis bears simple one- to three-celled warty hairs, and small glandular hairs. Cystoliths occur beneath the epidermis of the underside of the blade.〔Kumar, M., Dandapat, S., Kumar, A. and Sinha, M.P. Anti-typhoid activity of ''Adhatoda vasica'' and ''Vitex negundo'' Persian Gulf Crop Protection, 2013; 2(3): 64-75 http://corpprotection.ir/files_site/paperlist/Journal2-3-130906213336.pdf〕
Trunk has many, long, opposite, ascending branches, where the bark is yellowish in color. Flowers are usually white and the inflorescence shows large, dense, axillary spikes. Fruits are pubescent, and are with club-shaped capsules.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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